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Which of the following does NOT constitute a hazardous atmosphere?

  1. Flammable gas in excess of its LFL

  2. Atmospheric oxygen concentration above 23.5%

  3. Airborne combustible dust meeting or exceeding its LFL

  4. Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration above 1.5%

The correct answer is: Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration above 1.5%

The reasoning for not considering atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration above 1.5% as a hazardous atmosphere relates to the established safety thresholds and the nature of carbon dioxide in relation to other hazardous materials. In safety standards, a hazardous atmosphere is typically recognized as one that poses an immediate risk to health or safety, such as environments with flammable gas concentrations exceeding the lower flammable limit (LFL) or oxygen concentrations significantly above normal levels, which can enhance fire conditions or affect the body's ability to function. While elevated levels of carbon dioxide can be a concern for health and safety, particularly in enclosed spaces where oxygen displacement may occur, a concentration above 1.5% is generally not sufficient to classify the atmosphere as hazardous in the same immediate and critical manner as the other substances listed. The other options represent clear and defined hazards: flammable gases present above their LFL can ignite and pose explosion risks, elevated oxygen levels can lead to combustion hazards, and airborne combustible dust accumulating at or exceeding its LFL can result in dust deflagration concerns. Therefore, while carbon dioxide at higher levels may require monitoring, it does not constitute a hazardous atmosphere in the same immediate context as the other choices provided.